A Conversation with Adrienne Buller

DURING THE SUMMER of 2021, the Bootleg Fire destroyed homes and irreparably harmed ecosystems across Oregon and California. It also threw a wrench into the sustainability projects of several companies, among them Microsoft and BP, who had purchased carbon offsets in these areas. The offsets — thousands of acres of forest planted to counterbalance industrial CO2 emissions — burned because of climate change driven in part by those very emissions.

In The Value of a Whale: On the Illusions of Green Capitalism, Adrienne Buller, director of research at the British think tank Common Wealth, draws from many similarly egregious examples to investigate this contradiction. Companies across polluting sectors tout their green investments, portraying themselves as sustainable and future-oriented. If corporate action on climate has indeed ballooned, then why does the crisis continue to deepen? Buller reveals not just how “green capitalist” corporate strategies from both heavy-hitter polluters and the institutions that finance them fail to meaningfully address the climate crisis but also how they allow environmental destruction to continue unencumbered.

We spoke with Buller about the methods economists and asset managers use to quantify environmental value, the financial industry’s stake in climate response, and the ways that corporate governance is not democracy.

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